Fast and non-invasive identification of binding media in easel paintings by a portable hyperspectral sensor

A portable hyperspectral sensor collects reflectance spectra in the 350-2500 nm range, allowing the identification of not only inorganic but also organiac materials. In this paper, a non-invasive and non-destructive characterization of pictorial binders was used. The results show that their main spectral differences are located between 1200-2400 nm. It is also indicated that when a binder is mixed with colorants, some modifications occur in respect to its original spectrum. In addition, the first derivative transformation of original spectra allows an easier identification of these organic binders, where the most discriminating regions are 1160-1250 nm and 1660-1800 nm

Um modelo de controle de dispositivos através do barramento PCI: Core PCI

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Computação.Este trabalho é direcionado ao desenvolvimento de um protocolo PCI, o qual foi aqui denominado, Core PCI. O Core PCI é um núcleo que contém os controles básicos de acesso a um dispositivo PCI de 32bits e 33Mhz. Ele foi desenvolvido para uso geral, por isso, somente foram implementados, os acessos a dispositivos de I/O, mapeados como RAM. Neste trabalho são descritos detalhes e características do barramento PCI, tais como: sinais do barramento, funcionamento do protocolo de transação de dados, configuração plug and play e inicialização dos dispositivos PCI no boot do computador. Também se encontram, detalhes de uma aplicação usando o Core PCI e um software de alto nível para controle da aplicação. O Core PCI foi desenvolvido em um chip FPGA, utilizando-se de uma linguagem de descrição de hardware VHDL e utilizando-se também de simuladores para o código VHDL. Ainda nest

Advanced interpretation of land subsidence by validating multi-interferometric SAR data: the case study of the Anthemountas basin (Northern Greece)

The potential of repeat-pass space borne SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) interferometry has been exploited to investigate spatial patterns of land subsidence in the Anthemountas basin, in the northern part of Greece. The PSI (Persistent Scatterer Interferometry) approach, based on the processing of long series of SAR acquisitions, has been applied to forty-two images acquired in 1995–2001 by ERS1/2 satellites. Interferometric results have been analysed at a basin scale as support for land motion mapping and at a local scale for the characterisation of ground motion events affecting the village of Perea in the Thermaikos municipality and the "Macedonia" international airport. PSI results revealed a moderate subsidence phenomenon along the wider coastal zone of Anthemountas basin corresponding to intense groundwater extraction. Highest values, exceeding −20 mm yr−1, were measured in the airport area where the thickest sequence of compressible Quaternary sediments occurs. Intense subsidence has been detected also in the Perea village (maximum deformation of −10 to −15 mm yr−1), where a series of fractures, causing damages to both buildings and infrastructure, occurred in 2005–2006

landslide susceptibility of the prato pistoia lucca provinces tuscany italy

ABSTRACTWe mapped landslide susceptibility in the provinces of Lucca, Pistoia and Prato (central Italy), a 3103 km2 territory that approximately corresponds to the portion of Tuscany principally affected by landslides. We used a methodology based on a treebagger random forest. The input parameters used for the susceptibility assessment are curvature, flow accumulation, topographic wetness index, elevation, profile curvature, planar curvature, slope gradient, aspect, land use and lithology. The map was validated providing satisfactory results (AUC = 0.84). The map classifies the study area into four susceptibility classes that identify areas with different probabilities of being affected by landslides. The Main Map represents a useful instrument to assist land planning, development of mitigation measures and landslide risk management. Moreover, it could be used in further research addressing quantitative hazard and risk assessment

Mapping interactions between geology, subsurface resource exploitation and urban development in transforming cities using InSAR Persistent Scatterers: two decades of change in Florence, Italy

Urban expansion and city transformation are increasing reality across the world. Now more than ever it is essential to understand and map at the appropriate scale the processes happening along the verticality and horizontality of cities, to gather robust evidence underpinning strategies for sustainable management of the built environment. This paper explores how established techniques of Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) can be shaped into a novel dedicated procedure to detect vertical and horizontal urban dynamics including: use and re-use of urban space (new building construction, intentional demolition, renovation projects); exploitation of groundwater resources (induced land subsidence); interactions between new foundations, superficial deposits and bedrock geology (settlement of recent buildings); ground and slope instability affecting settled buildings; susceptibility of heritage assets to structural damages; baseline characterisation prior to planned major infrastructure construction (tunnelling and transportation networks). Florence, central Italy, is used as a demonstration site. This city includes UNESCO World Heritage List historic centre, 20th-century residential, industrial and peri-urban quarters, and is currently in transition to metropolitan area of over 1 million of inhabitants. Velocity decomposition maps were generated based on millimetre-precise estimates of surface displacements retrieved from PSI processing of the full archives of satellite C-band radar images, including 79 ERS-1/2 descending (1992–2000), 70 ENVISAT ASAR ascending and descending (2003–2010) and 101 RADARSAT-1 ascending and descending (2003–2007). 12 macropatterns and 84 micropatterns in the final map of alert areas highlight a dualism which reflects the physical and urban geography of Florence. North-western and south-western quarters show hot spots of new building construction and regeneration projects for residential, business and tertiary service purposes, alongside issues due to groundwater exploitation and induced land subsidence up to 30–40 mm/yr. Local interactions with underlying geology and natural slope instability processes predominate in the southern and north-eastern sectors. At local scale, stable condition was found for the heritage assets and buildings located along the tracks of the planned subway railway and tramway, with motion rates averagely within ±1.5 mm/yr and localised deformation only up to −3.5 mm/yr. Structural assessment based on future PSI monitoring campaign will benefit of this baseline characterisation

quantitative mapping of clay minerals using airborne imaging spectroscopy new data on mugello italy from sim ga prototypal sensor

AbstractThe possibility of using high spectral and spatial resolution remote sensing technologies is becoming increasingly important in the monitoring of soil degradation processes. A high spatial resolution hyperspectral dataset was acquired with the airborne Hyper SIM-GA sensor from Selex Galileo, simultaneously with ground soil spectral signatures and samples collection. A complete mapping procedure was developed using the 2000–2450 nm spectral region, demonstrating that the 2200 absorption band allows the obtainment of reliable maps of the clay content. The correlation achieved between the observed and the predicted values is encouraging for the extensive application of this technique in soil conservation planning and protection actions

PSInSAR Analysis in the Pisa Urban Area (Italy): A Case Study of Subsidence Related to Stratigraphical Factors and Urbanization

Permanent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) has been used to detect and characterize the subsidence of the Pisa urban area, which extends for 33 km2 within the Arno coastal plain (Tuscany, Italy). Two SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) datasets, covering the time period from 1992 to 2010, were used to quantify the ground subsidence and its temporal evolution. A geotechnical borehole database was also used to make a correspondence with the detected displacements. Finally, the results of the SAR data analysis were contrasted with the urban development of the eastern part of the city in the time period from 1978 to 2013. ERS 1/2 (European Remote-Sensing Satellite) and Envisat SAR data, processed with the PSInSAR (Permanent Scatterer InSAR) algorithm, show that the investigated area is divided in two main sectors: the southwestern part, with null or very small subsidence rates (<2 mm/year), and the eastern portion which shows a general lowering with maximum deformation rates of 5 mm/year. This second area includes deformation rates higher than 15 mm/year, corresponding to small groups of buildings. The case studies in the eastern sector of the urban area have demonstrated the direct correlation between the age of construction of buildings and the registered subsidence rates, showing the importance of urbanization as an accelerating factor for the ground consolidation process

Critique of telic power

To build a bridge between the approach of ideal and non-ideal social ontologists to the study of social phenomena, Åsa Burman has recently introduced the important notion of telic power and differentiated it from deontic power. This paper aims to analyse and criticise telic power. We argue that Burman is correct in keeping deontic power and telic power conceptually separated, and we agree that combining these two concepts in explanations proves theoretically illuminating. We suggest that telic power is especially useful to explain how social conflict can break out. However, we contend that the relation between teleological normativity and telic power has not been fully clarified and requires further investigation. Also, we disagree with Burman on the reasons why deontic power and telic power are conceptually distinct. Finally, we contend that Burman’s thesis that these two forms of power have different conditions of existence is very doubtful: in the social world, telic power is normally not, and probably cannot be, ontologically disjoined from deontic power. We suggest that the telic and deontic dimensions of social normativity support each other in shaping social power